I am a passionate and driven woman with a strong background in Astronomical Instrumentation &
Information, specializing in analysing and visualizing massive datasets (TBs+). With experience in
reducing complex data, I have honed my skills in Python, Fortran, and SQL to extract meaningful insights and
drive innovative solutions.
I thrive in interdisciplinary environments, always seeking new challenges that allow me to bridge different
fields and improve communication within collaborative teams. My goal is to leverage my technical
expertise and problem-solving mindset to contribute to forward-thinking projects and make a positive impact wherever I go.
Eventhough I decided to leave academia, I will always remain very passionate about astronomy and the search for life in our Universe. You can find some of my animation videos and my research blog HERE
Willeke started working at Valcon in February 2025 as a Senior Data Specialist in the Data Science capability. A Data Scientist is skilled in the application of complex data mining techniques, statistical analysis, and building high-quality prediction systems using complex NLP & machine learning techniques.
Main projects:
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Main Responsibilities:
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SPECTROLPOLARIMETRY: TOOL TO UNABMBIGUOUSLY DETECT LIFE ON EARTH
SUPERVISED BY PROF. DR. C. H. (CHRISTOPH) KELLER
Willeke started her PhD under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Christoph Keller, Dr. Frans Snik and Dr. Daphne Stam. The projects part of Willeke’s PhD involved optical knowledge, instrument development and calibration, testing and validation of field measurements, writing code to transform measurements into an efficient data format, design of a prototype GUI interface, data handling of telescope observations (cleaning, reduction), and data mining/analysis of the astronomical objects within the observations.
Main projects:
• Calibrate & test instruments: measure scatter properties of light on biological samples
• Wrote numerical full-diffraction algorithm to simulate & investigate liquid crystal properties
polarization diffraction optics [Python]
• Simulated model of the Earth surface and its atmosphere (as observed from space) using radiative transfer of electromagnetic radiation [Fortran & Python]
• Simulated models of astronomical objects’ atmospheres and compared these to telescope observations: using MCMC algorithms to retrieve their atmospheric properties [Python]
Main Responsibilities:
• Writing research papers and thesis
• Presenting work at international conferences
• Performing numerical simulations, data reduction and data analysis
• Experience with working (optics & electronics) in an optical lab
• Writing 10.000+ lines of Python code to simulate, analyse and visualise datasets
• Collaborate with international team of researchers from various scientific backgrounds
• Teaching data analysis in Python to 94 Bachelor and 79 Master students
APPLYING HIERARCHICAL AGGLOMERATIVE CLUSTERING TO IMPROVE SYSTEM HEALTH MANAGEMENT
SUPERVISED BY DR. A.J. (ALBERT-JAN) BOONSTRA
Main project
Willeke had the opportunity to start an internship at ASTRON, in collaboration with the eScienceCenter. She was asked to inspect the System Health Management (data pipeline) of the LOFAR radio telescope, producing large data sets (Tb+ per minute) and look for ways to apply machine learning to improve the system.
Main Responsibilities:
• Studying telescope design to understand the data pipelines and monitor relevant meta information
• Collaborate with astronomy and software team to understand the problems and needs to set up the requirements
• Examine application of various machine learning techniques to LOFAR data pipeline
• Application of Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering algorithm to a measurement dataset
DESIGNING, PROTOTYPE OF AN EVOLVING ASTROMETRIC REFERENCE SYSTEM,
SUPERVISED BY DR. G. A. (GIJS) VERDOES KLEIJN
• Understanding the theory behind and the importance of astrometry in future space missions.
• Research for existing astrometric reference systems.
• Designing an evolving reference system using SQL databasing to obtain a system that can deal with updates of future Gaia releases (and eventually Euclid VIS data).
DESIGNING, BUILDING, TESTING OF THE KAPTEYN RADIO TELESCOPE,
SUPERVISED BY DR. J.P. (JOHN) MCKEAN
• Investigating and determining the required parameters for our system to allow the measuring of the CMB temperature.
• Supporting the building of the horn antenna, back-end and software of the telescope.
• Designing the program turning measures values of the telescope to system temperature plots using Python.
• Spectropolarimetry: tool to unambiguously detect life on Earth, Willeke Mulder, et al.; (PhD thesis in prep.)
• The ESO SupJup Survey III: 12C/13C comparison of three L-type BDs, Willeke Mulder, et al.; 2025,Astronomy & Astrophysics
• Spectropolarimetry of life: airborne measurements from a hot air balloon, Willeke Mulder, et al.; 2022, SPIE proceedings
• Spatial polarization modulators: distinguishing diffraction effects from spatial polarization modulation, Willeke Mulder, et al.; 2021, SPIE proceedings
• The astrometric calibration software system for Euclid’s External Surveys, Willeke Mulder et al.; 2019, Proceedings ADASS XXIX
• The ESO SupJup Survey V: exploring atmospheric variability of AB Pictoris B, S. Gandhi, et al.; 2025; MNRAS
• Polarized Signatures of a Habitable World, Kenneth E. Gordon, et al.; 2023, the Astrophysical Journal
• Bio-signatures of the Earth, C. H. Lucas Patty, et al.; 2021; Astronomy & Astrophysics
• Comparing models of an exoplanet-earth to earthshine observations, Kenneth E. Gordon, et al.; 2021, Bulletin of the AAS
• The 2019 ADASS/Kapteyn Youth Hackathon, Jake Noel–Storr et al.; 2019, Proceedings ADASS XXIX
• 2024: Colloquium, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA
• 2023: Colloquium Space Research & Planetary Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
• 2023: Symposium M.S.V. Alchimica "Explore the Extremes", University of Wageningen, Netherlands
• 2022: Conference Presentation, SPIE: Light in Nature IX, San Diego, USA
• 2022: Webinar Presentation, Astronomy Club JUST, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh, India
• 2021: Conference Presentation, SPIE: Polarization Science and Remote Sencing X, San Diego, USA
• 2021, 2022, 2024: Master course High Contrast Imaging, apply HCI algorithms using Python notebooks to detect faint structures next to bright stars
• 2023: Bachelor course Praktische Sterrenkunde,
• 2020: Bachelor course Introduction to Programming and Computational Methods, solve numerical astronomy-related problems using Python notebooks
• 2017 - 2019: Mathematics (home) tutor, preparing high school students for their final Mathematics exams
• 2013 - 2018: Science tutor, Discovery Truck, teaching awareness of renewable energy and technology through physics classes
"EXOPLANETS: UNDERSTANDING ALIEN WORLDS IN DIVERSE ENVIRONMENTS"
• Collaborate in and with a team of astronomers and engineers.
• Design an ESA space mission from science case to final satelite requirements in one week.
• "ARISTOTLE - Astrophysical Research Initiative for Space Telescopic Observations of Transiting Large Exoplanets"
• 2023: Academic outreach: an introduction to sharing your research via social and conventional media given by Leiden University
• 2022: Blogging about your research given by Leiden University
• 2019: Summer School Science Communication [first edition] given by Leiden University
• 2019: ADASS XXIX - Youth Hackaton, focussing on Data Science and Astronomy: students had the opportunity to engage with astronomical programming and data in a practical way.
• PRESS 2024: Editorial NTvN October: To be published in the Dutch magazine of physics: Edition October 2024 [NL]
• PRESS 2024: Piece of text for the new Scientist tear-off calendar: Published in the official tear-off calender 2024 [NL]
• PRESS 2023: Editorial NTvN August: Published in the Dutch magazine of physics: Edition August 2023 [NL]
• ONLINE 2023: James Webb ruimtetelescoop : article at www.natuurkunde.nl regarding the James Webb Space Telescope [NL]
• ONLINE 2021-2022: Science blog: various blogs on www.willekemulder.com [NL/EN]
• PRESS 2021: Inclusivity & diversity in the Dutch physics [NL]: Published in the Dutch magazine of physics: Edition February 2021 [NL]
• PRESS 2020: Explaining physics with edible products: Published in the Dutch magazine of physics: Edition July 2020 [NL]
• 2023 & 2024: Girls in Science day, Leiden University
• 2022 - 2024: Astronomical Instrumentation optical lab tours for high school students, Leiden University
• 2021: (workshop) Museum Jeugd Universiteit "Leven in het Universum", Old Observatory Leiden
• 2021: Astronomy on Tap, Leiden University
• 2021: (workshop) Planetenjagers, Vlaardingen
• 2021: Avondje Sterrenkijken, Old Observatory Leiden
• 2021: Museumnacht, Leiden
"EXOPLANETS: UNDERSTANDING ALIEN WORLDS IN DIVERSE ENVIRONMENTS"
• Collaborate in and with a team of astronomers and engineers.
• Design an ESA space mission from science case to final satelite requirements in one week.
• "ARISTOTLE - Astrophysical Research Initiative for Space Telescopic Observations of Transiting Large Exoplanets"
NTVN (DUTCH MAGAZINE OF PHYSICS), CIRCULATION: ~4400, EVERY MONTH
• Starting with the student editorial, I continued in the magazine's main editorial. • Reviewing of articles that are written for the NTvN. • Write articles for the editorial column every year & participation in editorial meetings
• 2021 - 2024: Board member Leidse Weer en Sterrenkunde Kring
• 2019 - 2020: [co-founder] Astronomy On Tap Groningen: Treasurer & Designer promotional material
• 2018: Event organizer & coordinator of Discovery club
• 2018: Volunteer Robotics department, DJOG (De Jonge Onderzoekers Groningen)
• 2018 - 2020: Outreach coordinator Blaauw Observatory, Groningen
• 2018 - 2020: Website and content coordinator Kapteyn Astronomical Instutute
• 2016 - 2017: Secretary & Commissioner of Education study association T.F.V. 'Professor Francken'
• 2014 - 2018: Employee of the Astronomy promotion team